컴퓨터과학
The Theory of computation (the central area in CS) studies mathematical abstract models of the functionality of a computer, independently of the underlying concrete hardware organization. The central concepts in the theory of computationss are automata, Formal languages, Complexity theory and computability theory.
Computer science has close ties with mathematics (is considered by many a specialized area of mathematics), physics, linguistics.
Related fields
Information science is the study of data and information, including how to interpret, analyze, store, and retrieve it. Information science started as the foundation of scientific analysis of communication and Databases.
Computer programming or Software development is the act of writing program code.
Linguistics is the study of languages, converging with computer science in such areas as Programming languages and Natural language processing.
Software engineering emphasizes analysis, design, construction, and testing of useful software. Software engineering can include development methodologies (such as the Waterfall model and Extreme programming) and software project management.
Information systems is the application of computing to support the operations of an organization: operating, installing, and maintaining the computers, software, and data.
Management information systems (MIS) is a subfield of Information systems, that emphasizes financial and personnel management.
Mathematics shares many techniques and topics with computer science, but is more general. In some sense, CS is the mathematics of computing.
Logics is a formal system of reasoning, and studies principles that lay at the very basis of computing/reasoning machines, whether it be the hardware (digital logic) or software (verification, AI etc.) levels. The subfield of logic called computability logic provides a systematic answer to the fundamental questions about what and how can be computed.
Computer engineering is the analysis, design, and construction of computer hardware.
Information security is the analysis and implementation of information system security, including Cryptography.
Major fields
Mathematical foundations:
- Boolean algebra
- Discrete mathematics
- Graph theory
- Information theory
- Symbolic logic
- Probability and statistics
Theoretical computer science:
- Algorithmic information theory
- Cryptography
- Theory of computation (Computability theory, Complexity theory)
- Logics and meanings of programs
- Mathematical logic and Formal languages
- Type theory
- Programming languages
- Operating systems
- Compilers
- Data structures
- Databases
Computing methodologies
- Symbolic and Algebraic manipulation
- Artificial intelligence
- Computer graphics
- Image processing and Machine vision
- Pattern recognition
- Speech recognition
- Simulation and Modeling
- Document and text processing
- Digital signal processing